January 2026 CCASM Meeting

Happy New Year! 

January 15, 2026 (7 PM) 

Changing Fish Exploitation in 17th- through 20th-Century Chesapeake Bay

The Bay has supported substantial fisheries throughout the Historic period (post-1607 CE). This study investigates changes in fish exploitation in the region and anthropogenic impacts on the bay’s fish populations during the Historic period through the meta-analysis of reported archaeological fish bone assemblages. 

The database consists of 102,825 identified fish remains from 252 assemblages—two of them from sites on the SERC campus—dating to the 17th through early 20th centuries. Statistical analyses indicate that the Chesapeake’s fisheries diversified beginning in the 18th century, with migratory and freshwater fish taxa becoming increasingly important. At the same time, assemblages became more taxonomically homogeneous, reflecting the emergence of a locally adapted regional fishing tradition. Our data also suggest that Sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus), a species important to early fisheries, may have experienced overfishing-induced population declines by the end of the 17th century. 
 

James G Gibb
Smithsonian Research Associate

This research has been funded by a grant from the H2020 European Research Council (951649) awarded to Dr. James H. Barrett. Contributors: Thomas C.A. Royle (Lead author), Danielle L. Buss, J. Ryan Kennedy, Erin H. Kunisch, Susan Trevarthen Andrews, April M. Beisaw, Hayden A. Bernard, Joanne Bowen, Gregory J. Brown, James G. Gibb, D. Brad Hatch, and Henry M. Miller.

 

 

A Zoom link will be sent to CCASM members who can not attend in person.  Non-members will need to email ccasm2010@gmail.com by January 13 to request the link.

Location: La Plata Police Department Community Room, 101 La Grange Ave, La Plata, MD (map)
Parking is on the north side of the building (but not behind where the police cars are), on the street, and in the lot across the street.


Inclement weather policy: If the evening activities of the Charles County Public Schools are canceled due to inclement weather, CCASM meetings and/or activities will also be canceled or else be conducted via Zoom if a link has already been set up.
Call the 24-hour information line [301-934-7410 or 301-932-6656] to hear if there are any closure announcements. If there aren't any closure announcements, then CCASM activities will proceed as planned. 

Archeology Bingo 2025

Prizes 
on top of Bingo card

At the CCASM December 18 meeting we continued our tradition of having an archaeology game rather than having a speaker.  This year we played Archeology Bingo.  Instead of calling out letters and numbers the caller described an artifact that could be found in Maryland.  If your card had a picture of that artifact, you placed a marker on it.  And you were also encouraged to help your neighbors identify pictures on their cards.  (Nobody needed help identifying the oyster shells.)  And like Bingo when you got five in a row, you had Bingo and got to chose your prize. 

Ned provided the prizes.  He had knapped hearts and a few points from bottle glass.  We played multiple times starting over every time someone got a Bingo.  It turns out all attendees had at least one Bingo.  Below is a photo of all the winners holding up their prizes.  

Winners holding up their Prizes

Attendance: 9  

CCASM obtained information for this game  from the Middle Atlantic Archaeological Conference Student Committee at the 2019 MAAC Conference. 

2025 Public Archeology Lab Days (Oct - Dec)

CCASM has been working with Charles County at the ongoing Public Archaeology Lab since 2015.  The lab is for processing artifacts recovered from various archaeology initiatives in Charles County -  including artifacts from investigations of sites on County properties, artifacts recovered from savage archaeology in the County, as well as artifacts recovered around the 1970's before the Port Tobacco Courthouse was reconstructed.  Esther Read is the archaeologist in charge.

Location: Courthouse (2nd floor; use South Wing door) and Burch House (both inside and outside) in Historic Port Tobacco Village  map 

  Next dates: 
Note: (We try to post the latest schedule as soon as we get it - may not get until Monday morning. 
            Being in the field depends on the weather - if it's not raining and not too hot.)
       
  Monday,    Dec 15  
                     Holiday Break
  Monday,    Jan 12   (11am - 3pm) Labs (meet at Courthouse)

December 15 the Charles County Lab Holiday Party was held at Burch House.  Esther provided the chili while the rest of us provided appetizers, sides, cookies, and drinks.  There were the usual volunteers - Elsie, Denise, Linda, Claudia Malinda, Kathy, Carol, Ned, and Doug.  We were joined by Mary, a former volunteer who now lives in PA, and Jim, our friendly archaeologist from SERC, as well as by Esther's husband Tim and their dog Ben.  If you look through the door on the left, you might be able to glimpse some of the food.

Square O Base

Monday December 8 was another lab day at Burch House.  Elsie, Denise, Linda, and Carol washed two large bags of artifacts from Elsmere.  We chose this base of a Square O glass bottle as the artifact of the day. 

Square O (or Box O) was the trademark of the Owens Bottle Company from 1919 to 1929.  The number on the left indicates it was made in factory 8.  The number on the right indicates the year it manufactured, in this case 1921.  Owens oval bottles were used for pharmaceuticals.  So this artifact would have been discarded at Elsmere some time after 1920.  For more information on Square O bottles -  bottleinfo.historicbottles.com/pdffiles/OwensBottleCoPart2.pdf

Partial Button

Monday December 1 was a lab day at Burch House.  Kathy and Malinda washed artifacts we had recently recovered from the Swann Site.  Elsie, Linda, and Claudia sorted and bagged the artifacts recovered at Elsmere.   The artifact of the day is this small metal button from Elsmere.  The front of the artifact is stamped with STERLING BAC? and has a thick shank on the back.  Although this appeared to be the front of the button, it was actually the back part of of a multi-piece button.
Thanks to Elsie for info and photos.

 
Monday November 17 was a windy somewhat cold day.  So everyone was in the lab.  At the Burch House Lab Claudia, Evie, Kathy, and Malinda finished sorting and bagging the Elsmere artifacts.  While in the Courthouse Lab Denise, Elsie, and later Carol worked on continuing to catalog the ca 1970s Port Tobacco artifacts from BF1 BF.

Potomac Creek

 

Monday November 3 turned out to be a lab day since Esther was sick.  Denise and Elsie covered the units at the Swann Site.  The units had been left uncovered in hopes the rain would soften the really hard soil.
Then Linda, Claudia, Malinda, Denise, Elsie, and Carol washed the remaining artifacts from Elsmere.  Among all the different types of historic artifacts we found this Potomac Creek sherd (actually two sherds that mend).  So the Potomac Creek sherd became the Artifact of the Day.  It looks a little shiny because it is still wet.

 

The field was too wet Monday October 13 for us to be in the field at Rich Hill.  So Elsie, Denise, Claudia, Carol, and Linda worked in the lab at Burch House washing artifacts mostly from Elsmere but also from the Swann Site.  We also moved boxes of artifacts from Maxwell Hall to the second floor of the Courthouse.  It turned out to be a short day.  (It was Linda's birthday.)

Monday October 6 two buses from Walter J. Mitchell Elementary School (one in the morning and one in the afternoon) came to Port Tobacco with second graders.  They got the chance to visit the One-Room Schoolhouse, tour Stagg Hall, and be introduced to archaeology.   Today Monday Denise, Linda, Elsie, Claudia, Carol, and Malinda along with Esther worked with the students.  It was a great group of students.  
This spring we provided the Stagg Hall docents with an introduction to archaeology script and archeology activity boxes for the students.  Although the students were coming almost every day for a number of weeks, we only helped on Mondays.  However that prevented us from being in the field.  This fall we need to be in the field and the docents know what to do.  So we have only been able to help on two Mondays.  

2025 Public Archaeology Lab Days (July-Sep) -- 2025 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Apr-Jun) -- 2025 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Jan-Mar)  
2024 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Oct-Dec) --2024 Public Archaeology Lab Days (July-Sep) 
  --2024 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Apr-Jun)  --2024 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Jan-Mar)
2023 Public Archaeology Lab Days (July-Dec) --2023 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Jan-June)
2022 Public Archaeology Lab Days (July-Dec) --2022 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Feb-Jun)
2021 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Mar-Dec)
2020 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Sep-Dec) --2020 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Jan-Mar)
2019 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Jul-Dec)   --2019 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Jan-June)
2018 Public Archaeology Lab Days (July-Dec) --2018 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Jan-June)
2017 Public Archaeology Lab Days (July-Dec) --2017 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Jan-June)
2016 Public Archaeology Lab Days (July-Dec) --2016 Public Archaeology Lab Days (Jan-June)
2015 Public Archaeology Lab Days

 

Investigating the James Swann Site - 2025

CCASM and other Monday volunteers are working with Esther Read to continue the investigation of the James Swann Site that is now owned by Charles County.  James Swann was a "free man of color" (believed to be Native American) that acquired land in Port Tobacco in 1840's and operated a tavern and oyster house in the village for almost twenty-five years. 

Check Public Archaeology Lab Days post for weekday schedule.

Tobacco Pipe 
Bowl Fragment

 Monday November 24 was our regular day to be at Port Tobacco, and everyone was at the Swann Site.  It was one of those nice days to be outside.  Linda, Denise, and Carol along with Esther troweled most of the two plow scars in the northwest unit.  It was Linda's first time to trowel, and her plow scar had nails, window glass, white ceramics, as well as a tobacco bowl fragment that we chose as the artifact of the day.  This fragment would have been from on early nineteenth century tobacco pipe.  (Sorry, the only examples I found had additional molded decorations around the top.)
The other plow scar didn't have any nails but did have window glass, bottle glass, and a number of fire cracked rocks.  We also found some flakes in both plow scars.  Malinda, Kathy, and later on Linda screened, and they could tell you more about what was found.  

November 23 was another Public Archaeology Sunday at the Swann Site.  It was supposed to be a Public Archaeology Weekend, but it rained on Saturday.  It started off hazy but then the sun came out and it was really nice.  We continued to work on the current northwest unit to take it down to subsoil.  Some of our regular volunteers - Denise, Carol, and Linda -  were joined by a new person volunteering - Stephen.  Esther showed Stephen how to flat shovel, and the two of them provided lots of soil for the rest of us to screen.  The largest piece we found was this kick up from a olive green wine bottle.  So it was designated the artifact of the day.

Wine Bottle Kick Up

Looking for Artifacts

October 25 and 26 was another Public Archaeology Weekend at the Swann Site and the weather was great.  It was a little chilly but great for being outdoors.  Esther continued working on  a recently opened unit on the northwest of the area.  If you noticed the disconnect between this statement and the picture from June 29, that is because when more people are in lab than in the field (e.g. Aug 11 and Sept 29), the field information is included with the lab post.  

Linda, Elsie, and Carol were there both days to screen and look for artifacts, and there were lots of small artifacts.  On Sunday Linda found the "artifact of the day.  It was a decorated white tobacco pipe bowl with a Fleur-di-lei or a cross(?).

Looking for Artifacts

Decorated Pipe Bowl
Fragment

June 28 and 29 was to have been a Public Archaeology Weekend at the Swann Site, but the weather didn't cooperate.  It was too hot.  We left early on Saturday and Esther cancelled Sunday.  Saturday morning wasn't that bad.  Ned, Denise, Linda, and Carol joined Esther on Saturday June 28 at the Site and cleaned up the floors of several units to get a better idea of what was going on in the units.  Even though we weren't removing that much soil, we still found small fragments of ceramics and glass.

Cleaning up floors

Screening what was found

Thanks to Ned for sending additional photos.

June 9 we returned to the Swann Site after taking time off for the ASM Field Session at Maxwell Hall Equestrian Park.  We started cleaning up the floor in three units as we try to follow up on possible post holes for a building.  Denise, Carol, Cal, and Esther troweled in the shade of tent.  Cal indicated he may be joining us more often.  Linda, Malinda, Kathy, and  ChiChi screened in the shade of the trees.  Kathy had invited ChiCHi to visit with us, and ChiChi volunteered to help.  It's always interesting to meet new people and to introduce them to the site.

Those Troweling

Those Screening

Monday May 19 was a beautiful day to be in the field at the Swann Site.  We were even serenaded by a Orchard Oriole.  Esther continued excavating Unit 13.  Elsie, Claudia, Kathy, Carol, Linda (morning), and Claudia (afternoon) screened and looked for artifacts.  The artifacts today were similar to what we found last week, but there were also nails and possibly more flakes.

Monday May 12 was a great day to be in the field at the Swann Site.  Denise shaded by a canopy shoveled soil from the new unit while shaded by the tress Elsie, Kathy, Linda, Malinda, and Carol screened the soil.  Since this was in the plow zone, we found smaller fragments -- bricks, ceramics (various types), glass (olive green and clear), bifaces, flakes, and fire-cracked rocks.

End of Day-
Folding up Screen

Saturday May 3 was the first of two planned Public Archaeology Days at the Swann Site.  This coincided with the annual Port Tobacco Market Day held in front of the Port Tobacco Courthouse.  Esther Read, the archaeologist in charge, removed the bulkhead between several existing units and cleaned up the units by troweling.  Elsie and Denise got to screen the soil and to talk to visitors.  Four or five groups of visitors came over from Market Day for a tour of the site and to see what archaeologists do.  At the end of the day we covered the units with new black plastic to protect them until we can come again.
The Public Archaeology Day planned for May 4 was cancelled due to rain. 

Thanks to Denise and Elsie for the info.

Monday April 21 Denise, Malinda, Kathy, and Carol were in the field at the Swann Site with Esther.  Denise opened up a new unit, and at some point during the day everyone got a chance to help screening.  Carol did a profile drawing of the north wall of one of the units.  Kathy got to hold the stadia rod for Esther as Esther shot in the coordinates of the various units.

Finally a nice day so we could be in the field at the Swann Site.  Monday April 14 Elsie, Carol, and Malinda joined Esther to start cleaning up units that had been under black plastic since last fall.  We cleaned up walls in three units and lightly troweled another unit so it could be photographed.  We are getting ready for a Public Archaeology Weekend May 3-4.   In this area we are chasing post molds/holes for a possible early post-in-ground building.

 

----------------------
Investing the James Swann Site -2024
Investing the James Swann Site -2023

Thomas Mayr and Henry Sturdy Collections

Andrew Webster

At the November 20 CCASM Meeting Drew Webster talked about the Thomas Mayr and Henry Sturdy Collections that archaeologists with Anne Arundel County and the Lost Towns Project are processing.  So far, the team has identified around  one hundred registered archaeological sites represented in the collection, and looking at another hundred sites that may be unrecorded. 

The Thomas Mayr Collection is a large artifact collection representing decades of work by avocational archaeologists Thomas Mayr and Henry Sturdy.  Thomas Mayr collected large number of artifacts from a few sites in Anne Arundel and Prince George's Counties.  Henry Sturdy collected a few artifacts from a lot of different sites including some in Charles County.  Drew asked for help in trying to identify some of the Charles County farms mentioned, and Ned, one of our members, indicated he could help.  

Andrew Webster is an archaeologist with Anne Arundel County and the Lost Towns Project.  His official title is Preservation Stewardship Program Manager for Anne Arundel County's Cultural Resources Section.

Although Drew presented via Zoom, seven members and two others met to listen to the talk at the Community Center.  Drew and four others were on Zoom.  This was our first time having a speaker via Zoom without Jim being in the room.  It actually worked quite well.

A positive for meeting in person is getting to talk with each other.  It turns out that the two visitors had property in Charles County and were finding artifacts eroding out of the bank.  So we spent a good deal of time looking at pictures and hearing about what they were finding.  Unlike many "collectors", they were photographing (think GPS location) and documenting what they were finding and also had contacted the MAC Lab.    

Some of those attending in person

Attendance: 14  (5 via Zoom)