Charles County Archaeological Society of Maryland

December 10, 2025

CCASM December Meeting

December 18 , 2025 (7 PM)

Archaeology "Bingo"

Join us to play a Bingo-like archaeology game where instead calling out letters and numbers the caller describes an artifact that we could find in Maryland. If your card has a picture of that artifact, you place a marker on it. You are also encouraged to help your neighbors identify pictures on their cards. And like Bingo when you get five in a row, you have Bingo.

Sorry there are no money prizes, but there will be prizes for at least two rounds of the game. It should be interesting and fun. And, of course, we can just enjoy being together during the holidays.

CCASM obtained this game from the Middle Atlantic Archaeological Conference Student Committee at the 2019 MAAC Conference.

Location: La Plata Police Department, 101 La Grange Ave, La Plata, MD (map)
Parking is on the north side of the building (but not behind where the police cars are), on the street, and in the lot across the street.

Inclement weather policy: If the evening activities of the Charles County Public Schools are canceled due to inclement weather, CCASM meetings and/or activities will also be canceled.
Call the 24-hour information line [301-934-7410 or 301-932-6656] to hear if there are any announcements. If there aren't any updates, then CCASM activities will proceed as planned.

December 9, 2025

2025 Public Archeology Lab Days (Oct - Dec)

CCASM has been working with Charles County at the ongoing Public Archaeology Lab since 2015. The lab is for processing artifacts recovered from various archaeology initiatives in Charles County - including artifacts from investigations of sites on County properties, artifacts recovered from savage archaeology in the County, as well as artifacts recovered around the 1970's before the Port Tobacco Courthouse was reconstructed. Esther Read is the archaeologist in charge.

Location: Courthouse (2nd floor; use South Wing door) and Burch House (both inside and outside) in Historic Port Tobacco Village map

Next dates:
Note: (We try to post the latest schedule as soon as we get it - may not get until Monday morning.
            Being in the field depends on the weather - if it's not raining and not too hot.)

  Monday, Dec 15
Holiday Break
  Monday, Jan 12   (11am - 3pm) Labs (meet at Courthouse)

Square O Base

Monday December 8 was another lab day at Burch House. Elsie, Denise, Linda, and Carol washed two large bags of artifacts from Elsmere. We chose this base of a Square O glass bottle as the artifact of the day.

Square O (or Box O) was the trademark of the Owens Bottle Company from 1919 to 1929. The number on the left indicates it was made in factory 8. The number on the right indicates the year it manufactured, in this case 1921. Owens oval bottles were used for pharmaceuticals. So this artifact would have been discarded at Elsmere some time after 1920. For more information on Square O bottles - bottleinfo.historicbottles.com/pdffiles/OwensBottleCoPart2.pdf

Partial Button

Monday December 1 was a lab day at Burch House. Kathy and Malinda washed artifacts we had recently recovered from the Swann Site. Elsie, Linda, and Claudia sorted and bagged the artifacts recovered at Elsmere. The artifact of the day is this small metal button from Elsmere. The front of the artifact is stamped with STERLING BAC? and has a thick shank on the back. Although this appeared to be the front of the button, it was actually the back part of of a multi-piece button.
Thanks to Elsie for info and photos.

Monday November 17 was a windy somewhat cold day. So everyone was in the lab. At the Burch House Lab Claudia, Evie, Kathy, and Malinda finished sorting and bagging the Elsmere artifacts. While in the Courthouse Lab Denise, Elsie, and later Carol worked on continuing to catalog the ca 1970s Port Tobacco artifacts from BF1 BF.

Potomac Creek

Monday November 3 turned out to be a lab day since Esther was sick. Denise and Elsie covered the units at the Swann Site. The units had been left uncovered in hopes the rain would soften the really hard soil.
Then Linda, Claudia, Malinda, Denise, Elsie, and Carol washed the remaining artifacts from Elsmere. Among all the different types of historic artifacts we found this Potomac Creek sherd (actually two sherds that mend). So the Potomac Creek sherd became the Artifact of the Day. It looks a little shiny because it is still wet.

The field was too wet Monday October 13 for us to be in the field at Rich Hill. So Elsie, Denise, Claudia, Carol, and Linda worked in the lab at Burch House washing artifacts mostly from Elsmere but also from the Swann Site. We also moved boxes of artifacts from Maxwell Hall to the second floor of the Courthouse. It turned out to be a short day. (It was Linda's birthday.)

Monday October 6 two buses from Walter J. Mitchell Elementary School (one in the morning and one in the afternoon) came to Port Tobacco with second graders. They got the chance to visit the One-Room Schoolhouse, tour Stagg Hall, and be introduced to archaeology. Today Monday Denise, Linda, Elsie, Claudia, Carol, and Malinda along with Esther worked with the students. It was a great group of students.
This spring we provided the Stagg Hall docents with an introduction to archaeology script and archeology activity boxes for the students. Although the students were coming almost every day for a number of weeks, we only helped on Mondays. However that prevented us from being in the field. This fall we need to be in the field and the docents know what to do. So we have only been able to help on two Mondays.

November 26, 2025

Investigating the James Swann Site - 2025

CCASM and other Monday volunteers are working with Esther Read to continue the investigation of the James Swann Site that is now owned by Charles County. James Swann was a "free man of color" (believed to be Native American) that acquired land in Port Tobacco in 1840's and operated a tavern and oyster house in the village for almost twenty-five years.

Check Public Archaeology Lab Days post for weekday schedule.

Tobacco Pipe
Bowl Fragment

Monday November 24 was our regular day to be at Port Tobacco, and everyone was at the Swann Site. It was one of those nice days to be outside. Linda, Denise, and Carol along with Esther troweled most of the two plow scars in the northwest unit. It was Linda's first time to trowel, and her plow scar had nails, window glass, white ceramics, as well as a tobacco bowl fragment that we chose as the artifact of the day. This fragment would have been from on early nineteenth century tobacco pipe. (Sorry, the only examples I found had additional molded decorations around the top.)
The other plow scar didn't have any nails but did have window glass, bottle glass, and a number of fire cracked rocks. We also found some flakes in both plow scars. Malinda, Kathy, and later on Linda screened, and they could tell you more about what was found.

November 23 was another Public Archaeology Sunday at the Swann Site. It was supposed to be a Public Archaeology Weekend, but it rained on Saturday. It started off hazy but then the sun came out and it was really nice. We continued to work on the current northwest unit to take it down to subsoil. Some of our regular volunteers - Denise, Carol, and Linda - were joined by a new person volunteering - Stephen. Esther showed Stephen how to flat shovel, and the two of them provided lots of soil for the rest of us to screen. The largest piece we found was this kick up from a olive green wine bottle. So it was designated the artifact of the day.

Wine Bottle Kick Up

Looking for Artifacts

October 25 and 26 was another Public Archaeology Weekend at the Swann Site and the weather was great. It was a little chilly but great for being outdoors. Esther continued working on a recently opened unit on the northwest of the area. If you noticed the disconnect between this statement and the picture from June 29, that is because when more people are in lab than in the field (e.g. Aug 11 and Sept 29), the field information is included with the lab post.

Linda, Elsie, and Carol were there both days to screen and look for artifacts, and there were lots of small artifacts. On Sunday Linda found the "artifact of the day. It was a decorated white tobacco pipe bowl with a Fleur-di-lei or a cross(?).

Looking for Artifacts

Decorated Pipe Bowl
Fragment

June 28 and 29 was to have been a Public Archaeology Weekend at the Swann Site, but the weather didn't cooperate. It was too hot. We left early on Saturday and Esther cancelled Sunday. Saturday morning wasn't that bad. Ned, Denise, Linda, and Carol joined Esther on Saturday June 28 at the Site and cleaned up the floors of several units to get a better idea of what was going on in the units. Even though we weren't removing that much soil, we still found small fragments of ceramics and glass.

Cleaning up floors

Screening what was found

Thanks to Ned for sending additional photos.

June 9 we returned to the Swann Site after taking time off for the ASM Field Session at Maxwell Hall Equestrian Park. We started cleaning up the floor in three units as we try to follow up on possible post holes for a building. Denise, Carol, Cal, and Esther troweled in the shade of tent. Cal indicated he may be joining us more often. Linda, Malinda, Kathy, and ChiChi screened in the shade of the trees. Kathy had invited ChiCHi to visit with us, and ChiChi volunteered to help. It's always interesting to meet new people and to introduce them to the site.

Those Troweling

Those Screening

Monday May 19 was a beautiful day to be in the field at the Swann Site. We were even serenaded by a Orchard Oriole. Esther continued excavating Unit 13. Elsie, Claudia, Kathy, Carol, Linda (morning), and Claudia (afternoon) screened and looked for artifacts. The artifacts today were similar to what we found last week, but there were also nails and possibly more flakes.

Monday May 12 was a great day to be in the field at the Swann Site. Denise shaded by a canopy shoveled soil from the new unit while shaded by the tress Elsie, Kathy, Linda, Malinda, and Carol screened the soil. Since this was in the plow zone, we found smaller fragments -- bricks, ceramics (various types), glass (olive green and clear), bifaces, flakes, and fire-cracked rocks.

End of Day-
Folding up Screen

Saturday May 3 was the first of two planned Public Archaeology Days at the Swann Site. This coincided with the annual Port Tobacco Market Day held in front of the Port Tobacco Courthouse. Esther Read, the archaeologist in charge, removed the bulkhead between several existing units and cleaned up the units by troweling. Elsie and Denise got to screen the soil and to talk to visitors. Four or five groups of visitors came over from Market Day for a tour of the site and to see what archaeologists do. At the end of the day we covered the units with new black plastic to protect them until we can come again.
The Public Archaeology Day planned for May 4 was cancelled due to rain.

Thanks to Denise and Elsie for the info.

Monday April 21 Denise, Malinda, Kathy, and Carol were in the field at the Swann Site with Esther. Denise opened up a new unit, and at some point during the day everyone got a chance to help screening. Carol did a profile drawing of the north wall of one of the units. Kathy got to hold the stadia rod for Esther as Esther shot in the coordinates of the various units.

Finally a nice day so we could be in the field at the Swann Site. Monday April 14 Elsie, Carol, and Malinda joined Esther to start cleaning up units that had been under black plastic since last fall. We cleaned up walls in three units and lightly troweled another unit so it could be photographed. We are getting ready for a Public Archaeology Weekend May 3-4. In this area we are chasing post molds/holes for a possible early post-in-ground building.

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Investing the James Swann Site -2024
Investing the James Swann Site -2023

November 23, 2025

Thomas Mayr and Henry Sturdy Collections

Andrew Webster

At the November 20 CCASM Meeting Drew Webster talked about the Thomas Mayr and Henry Sturdy Collections that archaeologists with Anne Arundel County and the Lost Towns Project are processing. So far, the team has identified around one hundred registered archaeological sites represented in the collection, and looking at another hundred sites that may be unrecorded.

The Thomas Mayr Collection is a large artifact collection representing decades of work by avocational archaeologists Thomas Mayr and Henry Sturdy. Thomas Mayr collected large number of artifacts from a few sites in Anne Arundel and Prince George's Counties. Henry Sturdy collected a few artifacts from a lot of different sites including some in Charles County. Drew asked for help in trying to identify some of the Charles County farms mentioned, and Ned, one of our members, indicated he could help.

Andrew Webster is an archaeologist with Anne Arundel County and the Lost Towns Project. His official title is Preservation Stewardship Program Manager for Anne Arundel County's Cultural Resources Section.

Although Drew presented via Zoom, seven members and two others met to listen to the talk at the Community Center. Drew and four others were on Zoom. This was our first time having a speaker via Zoom without Jim being in the room. It actually worked quite well.

A positive for meeting in person is getting to talk with each other. It turns out that the two visitors had property in Charles County and were finding artifacts eroding out of the bank. So we spent a good deal of time looking at pictures and hearing about what they were finding. Unlike many "collectors", they were photographing (think GPS location) and documenting what they were finding and also had contacted the MAC Lab.

Some of those attending in person

Attendance: 14 (5 via Zoom)

November 11, 2025

Returning to Rich Hill - 2025

In 2021 a mid-nineteenth century Corn House was to be moved to Rich Hill, a historic property owned by Charles County, and we had to find an area away from the house where there were no artifacts. Rich Hill-2021 We found that area and the Corn House was moved. However, while looking for an area with no artifacts, we also found an area with artifacts - mostly nineteenth century. This appears to be the location of a cabin.

In 2025 Esther Read along with CCASM members and other volunteers returned to that site at Rich Hill to learn more about who might have occupied this cabin that was far from the main house but close to an old road. If none of the artifacts found date after 1865, the cabin could have been a slave cabin. If a number of artifacts found date after 1865 the cabin could have been used by former enslaved people but may also have previously been a slave cabin. The Historical Society of Charles County has created a booklet "Say Their Names" with the names of all the known enslaved people associated with Rich Hill.

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Monday was a beautiful day even though it was somewhat chilly. So, of course, we were outside at Rich Hill. Esther continued to trowel the unit down while Elsie, Denise, Claudia, and Ned screened the soil looking for artifacts. We did find more fragments of bricks and ceramics.
Rich Hill was open, and several of us went inside where Ned pointed out plans/progress for the various rooms. Also Mike Mazzeo and Mary Pat Berry talked with Esther about the location for the proposed "ghost" slave cabin.

Thanks to Ned for the photos.

Monday October 27 Esther continued digging the unit another couple of inches. The soil was like concrete. Elsie, Denise, Claudia, and Malinda screened and found ceramics, nails, and other artifacts similar to those previously found. Ned brought some tools to help with the hard soil. Then Ned and Malind walked the site.
Thanks to Elsie for the info.

Artifacts found

Monday October 20 was a beautiful day to be outdoors. Linda, Elsie, and Carol joined Esther to open a unit in the area where the artifacts had been found in 2021. We only removed one level and it did have artifacts - lots of whiteware including some transfer printed, glass, American stoneware, bricks, coal, and even a flake. Remember we were in a plowed field and everything in the plow zone would be mixed up.

Screening and Digging at Rich Hill

October 20, 2025

2025 ASM Fall Meeting

On Saturday October 14 the Charles County Archaeology Society of Maryland, a Chapter of ASM, hosted the 2025 Archeological Society of Maryland Fall Meeting at the Maryland Veterans Museum at Patriot Park in Newburg, MD. And CCASM members stepped up to put together a great meeting.

The Fall Meeting started with the Annual Archeological Society of Maryland(ASM) Business Meeting. In addition to learning what ASM has been doing these past twelve months there were also reports highlighting what four of the seven chapters have been doing.

Gary Grant from the Western Maryland Chapter was awarded the 2025 William B. Mayre Award. The William B. Marye Award honors individuals who have made outstanding contributions to Maryland archeology. Gary was presented the award earlier when he was volunteering for the PaleoDigger Project at the Barton Ste.

Two members - Julia Berg and Danielle Knight - were recognized for completing the Certified Archeological Technician (CAT) Program. Julia was presented her certificate at the meeting.

And there was one other Special Recognition - the Patricia Seitz Teacher of the Year Award. Sarah Mason and Julie Berg received the award. Just one of their projects this year was a multi-day archaeology workshop designed by and for Maryland K-12 educators.

At any ASM Meeting it's always fun to catch up with others from around the state and hear what they are doing. But the highlight of the meetings are the talks.

2025 Frederick M Stiner Memorial Address
The Plantation of Michael Swift on the Patuxent River:
Ground-truthing the Teague’s Point Site, Charles County, Maryland
Dr. Matthew D. McKnight, Chief Archaeologist for Maryland Historical Trust
ASM Ethics and Conduct in Action
Moderator: Valerie Hall, ASM President
Panelists: Brent Chippendale, Jim Gibb, and Julia Berg (ASM Ethics Committee Members)
Westwood: An Ancient Native American Site on the Banks of a Relict Creek
James G Gibb, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
From Slave Labor to Free Labor:
The Archaeology of Post-Emancipation Charles County
Julia A King, St. Mary's College of Maryland
An Archaeological Retrospective: A View From 47 years

Esther Doyle Read, County Archaeologist, Charles County

The Museum was open, and attendees were able to tour the various rooms. One of the Museum Ambassadors for the Day gave us a interesting history of the Museum as well as his involvement.

Here are the nine of the twelve CCASM members at the meeting.

Denise, Carol, Evie, Claudia, Peggy, Jim, Elsie, Ned, Linda
(not pictured - Doug, Mike, Charlotte)

Attendance: 41

October 1, 2025

2025 Public Archeology Lab Days (July- Sept)

Here is what we were doing during the third quarter of 2025
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Monday September 29 Claudia, Linda, Evie, Carol, and Malinda worked in the lab at Burch House processing artifacts recovered from Elsmere. We bagged the dry artifacts that the school children had washed (four times) and started to wash the other artifacts. So far there are twenty-nine bags (one per STP). Meanwhile Elsie, Denise, and Kathy were in the field at the Swann Site opening up a new unit to the northwest of the current units. Esther got to show Joel Binkley, Charles County Planning Supervisor, all that we have been doing in Port Tobacco, and we got to tell him what repairs are needed on Burch House.

Monday September 22 Linda, Claudia, Denise, Elsie, Ned, Kathy, and Malinda along with Esther worked with second graders to introduce them to archaeology. There was one group in the morning and another in the afternoon. Both groups were from Billingsley Elementary School.

On week days in the Fall 2025 (Sept 15 - Oct 22) and in the Spring 2026 (Mar 2 - Apr 13) second graders from the various Charles County Schools are coming to visit the One-room School House and Stagg Hall but also to get an introduction to archaeology. Each group tends to include around twenty children. We have only been helping on Mondays, our regular lab day, when we are not scheduled to be in the field. Esther has provided the activities and the script for docents at Stagg Hall to provide the archaeology introduction on the other days.

Monday August 11 Claudia, Linda, Peggy, and Carol were at Burch House and finished the sorting and bagging of all the remaining Swann Site artifacts recovered to date. Denise, Malinda, and Kathy were in the field. The base of two Swann Site units were troweled to better see any features. This did produce five additional artifacts.

Monday August 4 was a short day in the Lab. After Denise, Claudia, and Carol finished sorting and bagging the artifacts from the four trays of artifacts recovered from the same Swann Site provenience, we all decided to stop for the day. Another tray had a small number of artifacts from several Swann Site provieneces that Malinda bagged and sorted, and Linda washed most of the remaining artifacts - not that much left.

Monday July 28 was another day in the lab at Burch House. Everyone (Elsie, Denise, Claudia, Malinda, Kathy, and Carol) worked on sorting artifacts from four trays of artifacts recovered from the same provenience. The tray highlighted last week was just one of those trays. So each person worked on a different type of artifact - glass or ceramics or lithics or nails or brick or ... We almost got everything sorted and bagged, and we plan to finish up next week.

Tray of washed Swann Site artifacts

Monday July 21 we had seven people working at Burch House on Swann Site artifacts either washing or sorting and bagging. It's been a while since we've had that many. Jack joined Elsie, Denise, Linda, Malinda, Kathy, and Carol as we worked on the artifacts. Since it's was Jack's first time, Linda gave him a tour of Burch House and worked with him as he washed Swann Site artifacts. We decided to choose that tray of washed artifacts as the "artifact' of the day. The tray includes a wide variety of artifacts - fragments of bricks, oyster shells, ceramics (decorated and plain), bottle glass, window glass, a tooth. and even a tobacco pipe stem. If you blow up the image, you may see more.

Pipe Bowl Fragment

Monday July 14 we were back in the Lab at Burch House. Denise, Claudia, and later Linda continued to wash, sort, and bag artifacts recovered from the Swann Site. Linda also spent time straightening up Burch House, and Denise inventoried remaining artifact bags. Carol sorted and bagged artifacts from BF1-1-4. It is from these artifacts that we selected an artifact of the day. The artifact of the day is a fragment of a tobacco pipe bowl with a partial maker's mark that is somewhat distinctive - a "D" inside what appears to be a heart with additional geometric symbols (diamond circle, bar, possibly a stylized Fleur-di-lei) under the initial. There isn't enough to identify the maker but there was a mid-eighteenth century London pipe maker whose makers mark was a TD inside a circle or heart. Interestingly there are several seventeenth maker marks with initials and a stylized Fleur-di-lei inside a heart. Maybe someone else will be able to identify the maker.

September 23, 2025

2025 MHT Archaeology Workshop

The 34th Annual Maryland Historical Trust Workshop in Archeology was held in Crownsville, MD, on Saturday September 20, and as its name implies this year there were a number of workshops.

The keynote speaker was Cassandra Michaud who is the Cultural Resources Stewardship Supervisor for Montgomery County. The talk was entitled "Public Interpretation & the Evolution of the Montgomery County Parks Archaeology Program".

Since this was a Workshop in Archaeology, the keynote address was followed by talks, some of which had hands on activities. Since many were held concurrently, it was often a hard choice on which one to attend.

Not Another Sandbox Dig!
Excavation Experiences Using 3D Printed Models
Rachel Aluine
Artifact Recovery: Preservation Practices in the Field and Lab
Nichole Daub
Identifying Stone Tool Functions through Microscopic Use-Wear Analysis
Katherine Sterner
Adventures with Blue Painter's Tape: A Vesselization Workshop
Julie Mankin
Flotation and Fraction Separation of Soil Samples
Alex Glass
Illustrating History - The Basis of Artifact Illustration
Tyler Ball
What's That Rock? Toolstone Identification
Zachary Singer
Meet Your County Archaeologist
Beau Lockard (Frederick County)
  Esther Doyle Read (Charles County
  Chris Sperling (Calvert County)
  Jennifer Stabler and Amelia Chisolm (Prince George's County)
  Lauren Schiszik (Baltimore)
CAT Workshop — Basic Lab Procedures - Parts I and II
Rebecca Morehouse

CCASM members attending included Elsie, Carol, Ned, Peggy, and Patricia

CCASM is a chapter of ASM.

Click for program and more details about talks

Volunteering at Strata Florida in Wales

Patricia Vazquez

On September 18 at our first meeting after the summer break Patricia Vazquez shared experiences from her 2024 and 2025 trips to Wales where she volunteered for the Strata Florida Archaeological Field School.

Pat started with telling us about the location of the site and a little of its history. Strata Florida Abbey was built in the twelfth century as a Cistercian abbey and is the burial site for numerous medieval Welsh princes. It is considered a special place in Wales.

Pat included stories of working on the site with the Strata Florida team as well as her experiences of staying in Wales and interacting with the local residents. Quite interesting.

A little bit of geography and history

Strata Florida Abbey

Strata Florida site

Patricia Vazquez is currently CCASM's Vice President.

We were really glad that Pat traveled down from New York to speak to us in person. We also had a Zoom meeting set up for others to attend. This was our first time to run the Zoom meeting without Jim being in the room. (Jim attended via Zoom). So we need to work on the Zoom part. Thanks to Jim for setting up the Zoom meeting.

Wonder what Pat was telling us

Attendance: 11 (2 via Zoom)

September 16, 2025

Investigating Sites with Charles County Archaeologist

When a historic property in Charles County is to be modified or demolished, the Charles County Historic Preservation Commission reviews the plans. Esther Read, Charles County Archaeologist, who is also on the commission, checks out if any additional archaeological information is needed. When there is some archaeological interest in the property, but there is no legal requirement for the owner to have archaeology done, Esther reaches out to the volunteers at Monday's Lab (most of whom are also CCASM members) to help with digging a small number of STPs.

Site near Marshall Hall
A historic circa 1900's house on the Potomac was to be demolished, and there had been no photographs of the house. Esther along with Cal Carpenter from Charles County Planning did drawings and photographs of the interior of the house documenting the various additions. Esther also wanted to verify there was no evidence of an earlier site and to investigate if this was one of the fields where William Graham had collected artifacts. So we were at the site digging STPS before the house was demolished.

Friday September 19 Denise volunteered with Esther and Tim to finish the STPS on the west side before the house was to be demolished next week. One of the two paved brick areas had revealed a wall. Using a tile probe it was determined that the brick pad was a 6 by 8 foot square, with the wall running through the middle of it on the short axis.
Thanks to Esther for the info.

On Monday September 15 Elsie, Denise, Linda, Carol, Ned, and Malinda dug around twelve STPs (I forgot to count) on the north and west sides of the house. Artifacts included a few nails (some wire and some machine made) as well as staples, an American stoneware vessel base, a blue and white decorated earthenware fragment, a few flakes, and a point reject. We also found two buried paving brick areas.

On Monday September 8 Linda, Denise, and Ned dug 10 STPS to the south of the house and one STP to the east for a total of eleven STPs. There was a nice breeze when we were south of the house. but none of the east of the house (so a little hot). The soil was sandy loam and was really easy to screen.
(Thanks to Ned for the September 8 info and photos.)

Charles County Archaeological Society of Maryland, Inc